7.List any two Bantus found in Kenya ,uganda and Tanzania. They include the Somali, Rendille, Borana, Burji, Gabra, Orma, Das-senach, and the El Molo. Somali 2. The Cushitic languages (spoken by Cushitic peoples) are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family spoken in the Horn of Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Sudan and Egypt. The cushites attacked the Eastern Bantu communities who had settled at shungwaya, and forced them to move to their present homeland in Kenya. These were nonetheless exposed to a prolonged and profound interaction with their new Nilotic neighbours, including cultural exchange and intermarriage, to the extent that there is nowadays very little to distinguish the supposedly Cushitic Rendille with their Nilotic Samburu neighbours. The most populous Cushitic language is Oromo with about 35 million speakers, followed by Somali with about 18 million speakers, and Sidamo in Ethiopia with about 2 million speakers. • The Dahallo or Sanye of lower Tana are the only southern Cushites in Kenya. In Kenya, Cushitic language speakers are divided into the Eastern and Southern Group. The Maasai called these hunter-gatherers by the name Torobo (Il Torobo), pronounced very like the word Dorobo. Wata 10. That between Kenya and Somalia is fraternal, given a substantial size of Kenyan population is somali. Due to the huge Arabic culture influence, Islamic traditions rules apply in their food, clothing, and lifestyle. They reside along a very large area of land that runs from the east of Lake Turkana, stretches to the north of Kenya, and through to the Indian Ocean. South Cushitic is a subbranch of the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family, historically spoken by peoples living south of the Horn of Africa (where most Cushitic speakers are situated), these Cushites seemingly made it as far as Southern Africa as early as 2,000 years ago or more [1], having reached areas like Kenya and Tazania much earlier. The Swahili tribe is rich in historical and cultural heritage. Samburu 5. 8.The western Bantus in Kenya include: Abaluhya,Abagusii and Abakuria. Some sources therefore refer to the Cush of this period as the Meroitic Empire or simply Meroe. the Cushites moved their capital upstream to a city called Meroe. Boni 9. Yaaka 11. The second major ethno-linguistic group to arrive in Kenya (the first were the Cushites) were the cattle-herding Nilotes, the first of whom came some time around 500 BC.However, Nilotic migrations only became substantial some five hundred years ago, with the arrival of the highly organised and militaristic Luo from the west and the Maasai/Samburu from the north. Within Kenya's population of Eastern Cushites, two main distinctions are made: to the east, bordering Somalia, are the Somali-speaking people (also called Somaloid, or Garre), whilst to the north, bordering Ethiopia and indeed occupying a good part of southern Ethiopia, are the Oromo-speakers (formerly and pejoratively called Galla), who migrated into Kenya from the lowland areas south of the Ethiopian highlands. The Burji are farmers in Moyale and Marsabit districts. Turkana 4. Recent archaeological research conducted west of Lake Turkana, Kenya has shed new light on the prehistory of eastern Cushitic and Nilotic speakers in East Africa. The Rift cushites were hunters and gatherers while North-East cushites were herders and pastoralists, dealing with agricultural livestock. Nilotes in Kenya – Origin Cushitic people maintain very close ties with their kinsmen – the Cushites of the neighbouring countries of Somalia and Ethiopia. This latter group includes the Borana (by far the largest group numerically), the Gabbra, and the ancestors of the Rendille. Their settlement led to increased rivalry and conflicts for ownership of land. Kenya is a land of great diversity in its people and cultures. Cushites are concentrated in the northernmost North Eastern Province (formerly known as Northern Frontier District -NFD), which borders Somalia. These are: Northern Cushites (mainly in Sudan and Eritrea, which may or may not have elements of North African Berber), Central Cushites (also called the Agau group; mainly in Ethiopia, including the Jewish Falashim, and bearing strong Ethiopic and Amharic influence), the Western Cushites (or Omotic; spoken along the western border of Ethiopia near Kenya), the Southern Cushites (mainly in Tanzania, including the Iraqw, Asa and Ngomwia) and the Eastern Cushites. Cushites learnt mixed farming. Due to the dryness of their habitat throughout most of the year, Cushites are mainly nomadic pastoralists  who keep large herds of cattle, camels, goats and sheep. They came to be after intermarriages between the Cushites, Bantus, Arabs, Hindi, Portuguese, and Indonesian who gave rise to a new culture, people, and language. Results of Cushitic Migration into Kenya. Designed by Ibid Labs | Powered by Jieleze, The animal kingdom, the tree of life & where we come from, A history of the National Museums of Kenya. Embu 5. Some groups headed south into Tanzania, whilst others headed west into the Rift Valley, where they were eventually assimilated by the ancestors of the Maasai and other Nilotic tribes. The Swahili tribe traditional garment is a long white robe popularly known a… Relationship between Kenya and Ethiopia is superb. Rendille 13. The phylum was first designated as Cushitic in 1858. They are spoken primarily in the Horn of Africa (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia), as well as the Nile Valley (Sudan and Egypt), and parts of the African Great Lakes region (Tanzania and Kenya). In broad terms the peoples now designated Cushite are the cultural descendants of those peoples. While some scholars including Zaborski (1986) and Lamberti (1991) have kept the issue alive and suggested that Omotic can still be classified as part of Cushitic, Rolf Theil (2006), in keeping with the noted Chadicist Paul Newman, excludes Omotic from Afroasiatic altogether. Unfortunately, there's little or no material proof of this, nor much likelihood of finding any: the material culture of nomadic peoples is generally perishable, as items such as pots, ropes, sandals and so on are made of natural materials such as fibres, wood, gourds and animal products. The Swahili tribe live in the coastal towns in Kenya including Mombasa, Malindi and Indian Ocean islands of Lamu. These Cushites are sometimes associated with the land of Midian, which was also in that region. c) They were in search of better grazing lands. Kikuyu 2. Identity: Various old Cushite groups in the Rift Valley of Kenya and Tanzania are called Dorobo. Kenya-Agikuyu,pokomo. Christianity is another threat to these peoples' cultural integrity, as is the gradual process of modernization which increasingly makes their traditional way of life - which includes hunting - less viable. h) Specialization emerged mainly due to inter-community trade in the region. Kamba is the 5th largest tribe in the Kenya accounting for over 10 percent of Kenya’s … 6.The original home land of the cushites was the horn of Africa. Major Cushitic languages include Oromo, Somali, Beja, Agaw, Afar, Saho The majority of the Somali people live in Somalia. Boran 4. Uganda-Baganda,Batoro. 9000 years ago). Jun 21, 2016 - Explore Ismail Mohamed's board "Cushites" on Pinterest. Nowadays, Cushitic-speaking peoples are dispersed over a large portion of the arid north and northeast of Kenya, and also comprise the majority in Ethiopia and Eritrea. The vast majority of Kenyan Cushites are from the Eastern branch, with only a few pockets of numerically tiny Southern Cushites surviving, mainly near the coast. The next group was the Nilotics, who emerged from Nile Valley. 1Room Kenya KCSE History and Government Form 1 Lesson 25: The Eastern Cushites: The Borana. Mijikenda Niloticethnic groups include the: 1. The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family. Luo 2. The first known inhabitants of present-day Kenya were Cushitic-speaking tribes that migrated to the northwest region from Ethiopa around 2000 B.C.E. The term Cushite derives from the ancient peoples of northeastern Africa, whose heritage can be traced most clearly in the languages descended from those of the ancient peoples. They are named after the Biblical character Cush, who was identified as an ancestor of the speakers of these specific languages as early as AD 947 (in Masudi’s Arabic history Meadows of Gold). The Southern Cushites were the second-earliest inhabitants of Kenya after the indigenous hunter-gatherer groups, and the first of the Cushitic-speaking peoples to migrate from their homeland in the Horn of Africa about 2,000 years ago. Cushites include the Somali, Rendile, Borana … Of Kenya's three major migrant ethno-linguistic groups, the first to arrive were the Cushites, the earliest of which are believed to have entered north and northeastern Kenya from southern Ethiopia sometime between the second and first millennium BC. Cushites, or Cushitic people, live in the arid and semi-arid eastern and North-Eastern parts of Kenya. The Somali represent the largest single group of eastern Cushites in Kenya. learned of circumcision and age set system from the southern Cushites. The Somali Around 2500 and 3000 years ago, Cushites were already occupying the grasslands of the Kenya highlands cultivating food crops like sorghum, millet and rearing long horned humpless cattle. These are the southern Nilotic speakers. Answer: Cushites were people from the land of Cush/Kush (or “Cushan” in Habakkuk 3:7). • They originated from the area north of Kenya, either Somalia or Ethiopia. Daholo 12. Despite covering about 25% of Kenya land surface, Cushites presently account for only 3-4% of the total population. Meru 3. El Molo 3. In the 1989 census the community numbered 420,000 in Kenya. The term means poor people (who do not have cattle)! E.g. The Kenyan Government, incidentally, is either unable or unwilling to pay anything more than lip-service to the problem. Kamba 6. The main Bantu groups of Kenya are the: 1. As a consequence of these movements, there are no longer any Southern Cushites left in Kenya. For example, there was constant warfare between the Somali and the Oromo. Maasai 3. More recently, perhaps some three hundred years ago, the 'Oromo Expansion', which originated in southern Ethiopia, reclaimed some of the land that had been lost, mainly at the expense of the Bantu who were forced south into the much more fertile highland areas of Kenya, where they remain today. Eastern Cushites began to arrive about one thousand years later, and occupied much of the country's current area. In any case, the harsh climate - which alternates between extremes of drought (with plenty of abrasive sand and dust) and floods - quickly destroys any material remains. Other languages with more than one million speakers are Hadia (1.6 million), Kambata (1.4 million), and Afar (1.5 million). Kisii 4. the Bantu and the nilotes learned the art of cattle milking and bleeding, irrigation and manuring from the southern Cushites. In any case, many more migrations occurred subsequent to the first arrivals, the latest in the mid-1900s (the Burji from Ethiopia), which makes tracing the exact ancestry of any of these peoples a confusing and probably pointless exercise. Reasons for migration of cushites in Kenya: a) Escaping from clan or family feuds. They … Of Kenya's three major migrant ethno-linguistic groups, the first to arrive were the Cushites, the earliest of which are believed to have entered north and northeastern Kenya from southern Ethiopia sometime between the second and first millennium BC. The Cushitic people’s form a small ethnic minority of about 2%, mostly represented by Oromo and Somali speakers. 5.The main activity of the cushites was pastoralism. The Borana are nomadic and occupy the north-east part of Kenya. Cushitic languages are spoken primarily in the Horn of Africa (Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia and Somalia), as well as the Nile Valley (Sudan and Egypt), and parts of the African Great Lakes region (Tanzania and Kenya). Cush, the place, was named after Cush, the man, the oldest son of Ham (Genesis 10:6). Note:- Cushites are the earliest groups to have settled in Kenya. The Southern Cushites . and were the earliest group to settle in Kenya. They speak Afro-Asiatic languages, and originally came from Ethiopia and Somalia in north-east Africa. Gabbra 6. Tanzania-Nyamwezi,hehe. Question: "Who were the Cushites?" The Southern Cushites were the second earliest inhabitants of Kenya after the indigenous Bushman hunter-gatherer groups, and the first of the Cushitic-speaking people to migrate from their homeland in the Horn of Africa about 2000 years ago. The Cushitic peoples are divided into two groups: the Southern Cushites and the Eastern Cushites. Cushites, or Cushitic people, live in the arid and semi-arid eastern and North-Eastern parts of Kenya. b) There was population pressure in their area of origin. Nilotes in Kenya: After the arrival and several years of settlement by the Cushitic speakers, another group, probably in search of pastures, arrived through the Uganda-Sudan- Ethiopian border region around 2000 years ago. Cushites include Somali, Rendille, Borana and Oromo tribes. The Greeks indiscriminately called every black people group south of Egypt “Ethiopian” (the burnt faces). Examples of Cushites include: - The Rift Cushite peoples – that is the Dorobo and Okiek. Bantu is the largest division making up about 70% of Kenya’s population Tribes in Kenya. The Cushitic peoples (or Cushites) are a grouping of people who are primarily indigenous to Northeast Africa (Nile Valley and Horn of Africa) and speak or have historically spoken Cushitic languages of the Afroasiatic language family. 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